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1.sudo apt-get install mosquitto mosquitto-clients mosquitto-dev

安装mosquitto及相关组件 2.在/etc/mosquitto/下编写一个脚本，就叫generate-CA.sh ，里边编写以下内容。

# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the#   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.# * Neither the name of the axTLS project nor the names of its#   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived#   from this software without specific prior written permission.## THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR # A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED# TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY # OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF# THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.# ## Generate the certificates and keys for testing.#  PROJECT_NAME="TLS Project" # Generate the openssl configuration files.cat > ca_cert.conf << EOF  [ req ]distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_nameprompt                 = no [ req_distinguished_name ] O                      = $PROJECT_NAME Dodgy Certificate AuthorityEOF cat > server_cert.conf << EOF  [ req ]distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_nameprompt                 = no [ req_distinguished_name ] O                      = $PROJECT_NAME CN                     = 192.168.10.128EOF cat > client_cert.conf << EOF  [ req ]distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_nameprompt                 = no [ req_distinguished_name ] O                      = $PROJECT_NAME Device Certificate CN                     = 192.168.10.128EOF mkdir camkdir servermkdir clientmkdir certDER # private key generationopenssl genrsa -out ca.key 2048openssl genrsa -out server.key 2048openssl genrsa -out client.key 2048  # cert requestsopenssl req -out ca.req -key ca.key -new \            -config ./ca_cert.confopenssl req -out server.req -key server.key -new \            -config ./server_cert.conf openssl req -out client.req -key client.key -new \            -config ./client_cert.conf  # generate the actual certs.openssl x509 -req -in ca.req -out ca.crt \            -sha512 -days 5000 -signkey ca.keyopenssl x509 -req -in server.req -out server.crt \            -sha512 -CAcreateserial -days 5000 \            -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.keyopenssl x509 -req -in client.req -out client.crt \            -sha512 -CAcreateserial -days 5000 \            -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key   openssl x509 -in ca.crt -outform DER -out ca.deropenssl x509 -in server.crt -outform DER -out server.deropenssl x509 -in client.crt -outform DER -out client.der  mv ca.crt ca.key ca/mv server.crt server.key server/mv client.crt client.key client/ mv ca.der server.der client.der certDER/ rm *.reqrm *.srl`

3.执行generate-CA.sh

（注意，这个ip改成自己的，用ifconfig可以查看）

4.会生成几个文件夹，里面放着需要用的密钥。

5.编写mosquitto.conf。

password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.txtallow_anonymous falselistener 1883cafile /etc/mosquitto/ca/ca.crtcertfile /etc/mosquitto/server/server.crtkeyfile /etc/mosquitto/server/server.keyrequire_certificate truetls_version tlsv1.2

指定了密码文件，不能匿名登陆，tls证书文件。require_certificate true代表使用双向认证。（还有一句use_identity_as_username true没写是因为已经用自己的用户名密码了。）

6.设定密码，使用命令mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/pwfile.txt tianning 设定密码(一共两个参数，第一个代表文件位置，第二个代表用户名)，然后再输入密码就可以了。 7.来试试，使用mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf开启服务器。 8.失败了，提示端口占用，好像mosquitto安装完就自己开启了。那就先停止。使用命令sudo service mosquitto stop 再重试。 9，又有错误，应该是权限问题，用命令chmod -R 777 ./server ./client ./ca加权限。执行成功了。 10，把ca下的ca.crt 和client下的client.key和client.crt复制win下，安装mqtt.fx,并打开。 ip填和ubuntu一样，端口没改的话就是1883，clientid随便，密码账号和刚才第六步设定一样。 11.配置tls证书协议和文件。 12.保存回到主页面，点击连接就能连接了。 13.在fx上订阅一个主题hello。 14.新开一个终端，输入命令发布一个主题mosquitto_pub -t “hello” -m “hello” -u tianning -P tianning --cafile /etc/mosquitto/ca/ca.crt --key /etc/mosquitto/client/client.key --cert /etc/mosquitto/client/client.crt -p 1883 --insecure 可以看到fx已经收到了。 同理，订阅格式也差不多。

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